H.R.1501 - Violent And Repeat Juvenile Offender...

H.R.1501 - Violent and Repeat Juvenile Offender Accountability and Rehabilitation Act of 1999. H.R. 1809 focuses more on non-violent offenders, H.R. 1501 focuses towards violent and repeat offenders. Legislation Option 1: H.R. 1501 was introduced to the House on 04/21/1999 and passed through both the House and the Senate, the main focus of this Bill was â€Å"to provide quality prevention programs and accountability programs relating to juvenile delinquency† (H.R. 1501). This bill helps to solve some of the root problems in juvenile justice, as it enables accountability and would provide the juvenile â€Å"a genuine opportunity for self-reform† (H.R.1501), and that is in accord with some of the root causes as to why juveniles get into trouble and†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Government cannot remove evil (Fischer, 2013 p. 2). They can â€Å"only restrain evil through the passage and enforcement of laws and regulations† (Fischer, 2013 p. 2-3). Rules of Federalism which apply to the different agencies in the federal and state governments along with local on community groups working together would apply in the passage of this bill as it will take the co operation of several levels of government in order to implement it. The Bible speaks of restorative justice (Acts 3:19-21, Romans 7:15) in the concept of having the ability to change the inner person in realms of what is causing the bad behavior that led to sin and crime. The government should help and have a say in passing reforms and laws that will be in agreement with God’s law and interpret a biblical worldview in the process of doing so. It is important for the long run for the government to be involved and adjust the laws when it comes to incarcerating non-violent offenders as it is offering forgiveness and the ability to be accountable and show restitution which is supported by the Bible. Constitutional guidelines: While the Constitution does not specifically mention crimes by juveniles, In re Gault (1967), via the Supreme Court allows for fairness to juveniles within the court system as they are given the same inalienable rights by God as everyone has and they have toShow MoreRelatedThe Amendment Protects Peoples Inalienable Rights1197 Words   |  5 Pagessafety† (IACP n.d p.3). Fair sentencing has to be implements differently for juveniles than it is for adults depending on the age of the juvenile when the crime is committed. In the case of Roper v. Simmons, 543 U.S. 551 support the bill in the essence that juveniles are still at the point of figuring out or defining their own identities and â€Å"it is less supportable to conclude that even a heinous crime committed by a juvenile is evidence of irretrievably depraved character† (Roper v. Simmons, 2005)Read MoreThe Criminal Justice System Is Complex1201 Words   |  5 Pagesthis is especially true in the juvenile justice system. In 2012, there were 1,319,700 arrests of juveniles in the United States (OJJDP) and this includes both violent and non-violent offenses committed by those under the age of 18. Policy reforms can offer alternatives to the incarceration of young offenders, by providing mental health, or addiction rehabs for those that are in need of it rather than locking them up. This not only helps keep the amount of juveniles down but also can be a preventative

Building a New Supply Chain Free Essays

string(54) " accept these materials are likely easily accessible\." The background of the case is that a company performs garbage pickup from construction sites. Often the construction site wants them to leave a bin there or sometimes they simply pile up the garbage and the company’s employees load the material into the garbage truck. Typically a truck full of garbage at the depot costs $200 per truck to empty. We will write a custom essay sample on Building a New Supply Chain or any similar topic only for you Order Now The company charges $350 per load, so there is little profit especially when taking overhead into account (labor and the cost of the truck). The owner wonders how other companies seem to be making so much money. One day he owner finds a lot of old refrigerators and metal fencing at one of the pickup locations. He has heard that there are some companies that pick this up for free and resell the material to companies looking for scrap metal. Being entrepreneurial and worried about his business, he investigates. He finds that he is able to make an additional $200 per shipment of scrap metal, making his new profit $550 per load! He gets excited and starts to think about what other opportunities may be out there with similar reverse supply chains. Some additional problems that this company have are elated to what its profit really is for each of its transactions, what challenges this company would have to look at alternative materials and markets and what the current competition is for his company’s type of business and lastly what approaches this company should take to ensure it was successful. Cause – The main cause behind many of these questions the company is asking itself and problems that it is currently having with profitability lay in the appearance that the company has not built itself a good business plan for any step of the company. A business plan helps outline what you need to start a business, but it also helps you prepare for your future and any issues along the way. Your business plan should clarify why you exist, who your customers are, what products or services you provide, how you plan to create and deliver your products or services, and where your business is going. It looks like the owner has started the company with only a small idea of what is possible within their industry scope and has not thought through all the steps that they should take on in order to be a marketable, profitable and long lasting company. Little thought has gone into who the customers are, what equipment is required, what process would be the most profitable and how to market themselves to the correct customer base. The whole business is based on a reverse logistics model and inserting themselves into this construction supply chain as the provider of reverse logistics systems to their construction customers. It is astounding to see that the owner has not fully considered how to best provide benefit to their clients and maximize their profitability through these services. To hear that the owner has heard that some companies† pick up materials for free and resell them clearly shows that the company has not identified the biggest opportunity for profitability in this type of business. Stating that their new profit could also be $550 per load is also strange in that there appears to be very little understanding of accounting related to determining profitability and cost of overheads. Based on the example provided, any revenues would have expenses of the cost of the truck (including initial purchase, fuel and any maintenance), the cost of the person driving the truck, the cost of the arson piling the garbage into the truck (if this service is required) and the cost paid at the depot for disposal. There can be further costs related to equipment or training required for their people to be on a construction site including Personnel Protective Equipment and any certifications required to handle waste. Many of these elements would be considered if the company took the time to consider what the actual business plan for the company is and whether this would lead to a profitable organization. Analysis – When looking at the market space that this company is attempting to play in, the following information shows that there indeed is a market for these services. Within the industry there is a name for the materials that are left over at a construction, renovation of demolition site. These items are called construction demolition materials (CD). The most common materials are concrete, wood, drywall, asphalt shingles, asphalt pavement, metal and cardboard. These materials typically make up 70 to 95 percent of the discarded material at a residential or commercial site. In the past these items were often discarded but are actually liable commodities that can be recycled into new products or used in many new ways. When perceived as waste, disposal of CD materials is often viewed as simply part of the cost of doing business, and recycling and reusing these materials are sometimes overlooked as management options. Recycling can benefit a construction business’s bottom line, it benefits the environment and a construction company’s recycle policy can be a contributing factor to them being awarded a project. Concrete can be recycled into many markets that currently use crushed stone. Because concrete is commonly recycled, numerous concrete recycling facilities exist across the country. Asphalt pavement is heavily recycled currently and is commonly crushed and recycled back into asphalt, either in-place or at a hot-mix asphalt plant. Asphalt shingles can also be ground and recycled into hot-mix asphalt. Clean, untreated wood can be re-milled into lumber or chipped or ground and used to make engineered board, boiler fuel and mulch. Common metals found at a construction, demolition or renovation site include steel, aluminum, and copper. Construction sites frequently generate large amounts of cardboard waste when new appliances and materials are delivered to the site in cardboard boxes. Markets are well-established for metals and cardboard. Local metal scrap yards or recyclers that accept these materials are likely easily accessible. You read "Building a New Supply Chain" in category "Papers" Gypsum in drywall can be removed and recycled into many markets that commonly use gypsum, including new drywall manufacture, cement manufacture and agriculture. All of these items should be materials the owner should investigate as to whether the local construction sites are enervating these materials and whether there are local resources available to buy and recycle these materials from construction companies or the pickup company. Another factor to review is whether recyclers accept mixed loads of materials, or if it is more profitable to separate the materials, which can be done onsite by placing the materials in separate boxes or piles. When developing a business plan, an important first step is to look for the local resources currently available. Contact local and provincial waste regulators and learn what is and is not permissible to recycle. Many rabbinical or local officials have lists of local recyclers and their locations that they can share with you. These local recyclers should be contacted to determine what they take and what these conditions of payment are. They may also be able to share guidance for best recycling practices in your area. It is also possible to research local waste haulers through this method to better determine the level of competition there is for the types of garbage pickup services that they provide. One key factor within the market space for recycling materials is the importance of these recycling orgasm to today’s construction environment. There is increased interest in constructing green buildings and this has generated more interest in recycling C materials. Providing knowledge of how to recycle C materials can make a company a vital asset to a green building project. The most common method of green building certification in North America is through the Green Building Council. The Council’s Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LED) certification process requires that the building attain points for various green attributes, including energy savings, trials usage, indoor environmental quality and efficient water usage. Certification is granted during the construction phase. Points are given for reusing materials, using materials with recycled content and recycling the waste that is produced at the construction site. Different levels of certification can be attained depending on the number of points the building gains. Even if LED certification is not the goal of the building owner, committing to recycling a certain percentage of the materials generated at a Jobless can be a great marketing tool and can give a construction company an edge over its competition. Since green building certification grants points based on recycled amounts, implementing a tracking system will aid companies in attaining LED points for recycling. Some contractors have their waste haulers report the amount of material that is currently disposed and recycled from their construction sites. That way, contractors can evaluate how they can increase the amount of material that is recycled from each site. Another example of how a company can differentiate themselves in this space is by providing services that eliminate the need for transporting and disposing of materials by recycling onsite. For example, waste concrete can be ground and used as fill, and clean wood, drywall, and cardboard can be ground and used onsite as a soil amendment. New, smaller, portable grinders can be relatively inexpensive and safe to use at Jobless. Some of these machines can be hitched to pickup trucks, while others are attachments for excavators. Some challenges when looking at all of these options are related to having the appropriate equipment for providing the potential services demanded by the customer base. There can be significant overhead costs attached to these equipment purchases. Availability and cost of labor will also be a key factor in decisions. If the appropriate research is not done up front, including discussions with the potential customer base, investments can be made in equipment and people that does not drive the revenue to cover the costs. Before Jumping into a specific market area or activity, the owner must ensure that the demand is there. Solution – The owner of this garbage pickup company needs to wake up and do his research with a goal to developing a complete business plan. Currently the owner is thinking of only kicking up garbage from construction sites and disposing them, which does indeed save the construction company these reverse logistics efforts, but clearly misses out on the big picture of what is possible in this service space. The customer base which is construction companies, are being driven very heavily toward recycling their materials for various reasons. They can reduce their hauling and disposal costs by keeping valuable CD materials out of landfills. The substitution of recycled CD materials in place of virgin materials in new products and processes results in substantial energy savings and greenhouse gas reduction. Recycling CD materials equates to green building points. As green building becomes increasingly popular, proven knowledge about the benefits of green building-?and green building practices-?is likely to boost construction business, since many customers are now looking for this service. Using recycled materials in new structures and recycling CD materials produced during construction can help you achieve the LED certification that construction company customers want. All of this leads to a very strong potential market for the services that a garbage pickup company can provide. The company can offer sorting of the products on the site, the company could offer onsite recycling, the company can ensure that they track the materials so that their customers can obtain the maximum lead points and market themselves as a green construction company. The pickup company can also very finely determine what their charge should be to the construction company based on their knowledge of what the recycling company will pay for materials. This can allow them to maximize profit while remaining at an appropriate marketable cost to the construction companies. They could provide flexible, scalable services at the appropriate cost. The owner needs to talk to the customer base and find the niches that will allow them to compete. Work through the business plan, identify what they can afford to invest in, develop the relationships with customers and clients, market themselves appropriately and then work the plan. There is little question that reverse logistics is a growing concern in the construction industry when it comes to CD materials. The market is there for garbage pickup companies who can show the greatest value. How to cite Building a New Supply Chain, Papers

Domain for Action and Kerang Hospital

Question: Discuss about the Domain for Action and Kerang Hospital. Answer: Introduction Healthcare systems represent one of the most important sectors for any country. This is because they involve human beings and the well-being of people. Thus, the Government of Australia put a lot of resources in the sector to improve the quality of services rendered to people. In addition to that, there are independent bodies that monitor and regulate the quality of services and standards that these hospitals work under (Taylor, Foster, Fleming, 2008). However, to start with the government, the assistance it renders to the health care sector is not enough to guarantee success in most healthcare organization. In addition to that, the government can only provide basic necessity like electricity, drugs, and security but it is the responsibility of people in charge to take the organization to the next level, in an attempt to ensure that it achieves its objectives. On the other hand, healthcare bodies formulate policies that guide a small organization in the best way possible to perform a task or lead their organization in ensuring that it achieves its objectives. One such body is the Health workforce of Australia. In its attempt to improve the quality of healthcare in Australia, it came up with five modules that are essential in any organization for it to succeed and can be applicable in other large institutions, not necessarily in the health sector (Louviere, Flynn, 2010). These are health workforce reforms that are geared towards effective, more efficient and also accessible service delivery. Another module is health workforce planning, funding, policy, and regulation (Palmer, Short, 2000). Moreover, proving good leadership and promoting a workforce that has a capacity and develops skills is also crucial. However, in this paper, I intend to discuss two of them, that is Health workforce capacity and skills development and leadership for the sustainability of the health system and how a healthcare organization has successfully utilized it to achieve its goal. Healthcare Capacity and Skill Development Thus, it is important to make improvement in educational system that train doctors, nurses, and other health professionals. In addition to that, use of modern equipment is essential to improve the efficiency with which services are produced in hospitals. More importantly, is the fact that current graduates lack enough skills despite the fact they spend more four or five years in colleges and university. Thus, health care system ought to device ways to provide internship opportunities to fresh graduate instead of considering already competent professionals. In addition to that, it is important that enough funding set aside either by the government or any other organization to fund health care and medical schools. Kerang District health is one of the hospitals that offer health services to the people of Australia. To maintain a high standard of services, it has several strategies has developed to comply with recommended services. To start with, it interacts with medical students and scholars in exchange of knowledge. Additionally, the hospital provides an internship opportunity for nurses and medical students who are fresh from university and medical schools. In addition to that, the hospital works closely with accreditation bodies in order to ensure that the services it offers are recommended. The strategy has proved to be useful in instilling practical knowledge to freshly graduated nurses and doctors. Moreover, the hospital has made it possible for workers to exchange knowledge that can be useful not only in career development but also as part of the growth of the profession. Healthcare systems have changed over the years with modern ways of storing information being in use, and it becomes easier for a hospital to use modern technology to keep records. The use of electronically assisted technology varies, from informatics, diagnosis to facilitating the activities of hospitals. It in effect reduces errors in health organization which is prone to occur due to occur (Anderson, Frogner, Reinhardt, 2006). With this upset will come a huge potential to expand the proficiency of clinical practice, decrease human blunders, and increment the nature of restorative care. Electronic therapeutic data will likewise democratize medication. The part of the "client" in social insurance can just develop with the capacity to get to the information (Ash, Berg , Coiera,2004). There will be a need to guarantee that the wellbeing proficient workforce is innovatively wise and ready to manage new advances as they are brought into the work environment. Kerang District embraces the use of modern technology because of it its numerous advantages. To start with, the hospital has opened a portal for outpatients. In addition to that, the hospital has an online platform where potential patients may inquire anything concerning the hospital. The strategy is a success in many ways, to start with, it eases the congestion that come with high number of patients coming for vaious consultations. In addition to that, the technology saves time and services may be rendered to a huge number of people in the form of consultations (Taylor, Foster, Fleming, 2008). Lastly, use of technology has helped Kerang hospital in coding. Use of electronically assisted coding is more accurate than the manure one as it reduces errors that are prone to emerge as a result of human error. Lastly, the hospital has Introduce IPADS for use by Board Members is more efficient than doing it manually. A healthcare professional, doctors, nurses, pharmacists corporate to share knowledge that is aimed at improving the services they render to patients. Statistics alone reveal that exchange of professional knowledge is useful in improving the state of heath care services offered to patients (Productivity Commission, 2005). Preparing and instructive programs have been created as a conceivable approach to enhance how experts cooperate to deal with patients (Armstrong, Gillespie, Leeder, Rubin, Russell, 2007). Exchange of professional knowledge in healthcare occurs as a result of two healthcare professional sharing knowledge in the form of consultations, debates and research findings. Exchange of professional knowledge ensures continual learning process for health professionals. In addition to that, the engagement makes health care providers be updated on currents methods or services that emerge as the profession evolves. External and internal engagement Healthcare organizations cannot work in isolation. Therefore it needs to cooperate with local and external agencies or people to make sure that it achieves its objectives. To start with, the healthcare organization should ensure that the community around the area supports its activities. They, therefore, ought to work in a manner that embraces their values, culture or any other activities that the community engages in as far as it does not involve not conforming to practices that are against the practice recommended by medics (Bullen, 2012). In addition to that, the hospital ought to work closely with local officers as they are an important part of policy makers that put regulations that may influence the operations of the healthcare system. Furthermore, healthcare organizations ought to comply with rules set by accreditation bodies which set standards that are necessary for any hospital and clinics to work in offering services to people (Hogan, Moxham, Dwyer, 2007). Failure to foll ow such services, especially with regards to the fact that regulatory bodies keep on updating policies will be detrimental to patients and may ultimately lead to a closure of the hospital. Additionally, there ought to be a suitable way to supervise employees in offering services. Moreover, the hospital continues to Continue to hold formal meetings with Cohuna District Hospital. The new Chief, a specialist, supported a change program in which clinical administration had a focal influence. The program presented clinically important execution measures, with comparing rewards, and new data frameworks (Oliver, 2006). The VA soon turned into a pioneer in clinical quality. The fulfillment level of patients rose to percent, percent over the national normal, even as the VA's patient numbers multiplied over the accompanying decade. Kerang District health values the kind of leadership that runs it. One of the strategies that it has developed is to partner with regulatory bodies that oversee how health facilities and hospitals operate. In addition to that, the hospital works with several non-governmental organizations. Leadership serves as a driving force that propels any organization forward. As far as Kerang District Health is concerned, the corporation with regulatory bodies has helped it boost performance among its employees. The advice the head of the hospital gain from such interactions has been valuable to steer the organization forward. These upgrades happened because clinicians played an indispensable part in forming clinical administrations. The extended part of clinicians did not come to fruition through coincidental activities; nor changed in formal sets of responsibilities the essential main thrust. What changed for clinicians was their proficient personality and feeling of responsibility (Kimberly, De Pouvourville, 2008). All staff, regardless of whether clinicians or not, came to share a typical point: conveying brilliant care effectively. Specialists teamed up with directors on imperative clinical choices, for example, the most effective method to grow or reconfigure administrationsin full information of the exchange offs and asset implications. A developing groups of research backings the attestation that powerful clinical administration lifts the execution of wellbeing mind associations. Support and supervision Inquire about demonstrating that the advancement of staff is connected to an association's achievement in enlisting and holding staff additionally proposes new social insurance graduates encounter push amid the early period of beginning work. Understudies apparently regularly feel ill-equipped and unsupported in making a move from understudy to sure professional (Wallis, Boyle, 2014). Organized support and a positive learning condition amid this stage can have any effect to the certainty of the individual and add to and enhance continuous enrollment and retention. The part of senior clinicians in supporting and preparing the future workforce is an essential one, and ought not to go unrecognized (Wakerman, Humphreys, 2011). The preparation framework for wellbeing experts is dependent on supporting new graduates in solidifying their hypothetical information in the working environment, and in numerous examples, accreditation is dependent on times of regulated "entry level position." The Clergyman for Wellbeing has laid out the four center estimations of coordinated effort, Openness, Regard, and Strengthening which will support the NSW General Wellbeing Framework. Going with these qualities, and paying little mind to the inspiration that an individual may need to work in the wellbeing business, it is essential to revere a promise to the group as a center working guideline in wellbeing administration conveyance (Swayne, Duncan, Ginter, 2012). Maybe the best hindrance to the expanded contribution of clinicians in molding the fate of patient care lies in the authentic convictions of clinicians themselves about the estimation of administration and administration. One approach to address this issue is to be significantly more precise about get-together stories, told really and compellingly by the individuals who took an interest or watched, that highlight the estimation of incredible clinical authority (Chu, Dwyer, 2002). By "making legends" of clinical pioneers of various kinds, both in formal administration and in cutting edge parts, associations can make a more grounded bank of good examples and furthermore start a sense of probability. Any push to urge clinical administration needs to incorporate bolster for expert advancement. Be that as it may, the best beginning stage is not to make or commission a preparation course. Social insurance associations should first characterize what they need from their clinical pioneers, what abilities and states of mind they need to empower, regardless of whether there are contrasts crosswise over callings or parts, and where the need to create authority is most noteworthy (Nutbeam, 2000). Endeavors can then be focused on where they can have the best impact. Healthcare Administration has made an Authority System that contains seven areas that depict the initiative practices, information, aptitudes or demeanors expected. For clinicians, improvement programs with genuine work at their heart can help tremendously in showing how patients advantage when clinicians lead the change of administrations. An administration program including twelve UK clinics and both clinical and nonclinical staff concentrated on upgrading pathways for patients with stroke and hip breaks (Barr, Dowding, 2015). The program, situated as a quality-change exertion rather than a preparation or advancement course, had an exceptional affect on lengths of stay, death rates, and costs all of which fell by up to 30 percent. It additionally made excitement for driving administration change endeavors all the more by and large, with persisting advantages after the formal program had ended. Another proposal of the Extraordinary Commission of Investigation into Intense Care, Benefits in NSW Open Healing centers concerning the foundation of the Clinical Instruction and Preparing Organization (the Foundation). It is that it has as one of its capacities "to configuration, organization, lead and assess initiative preparing for clinicians to empower clinicians to turned out to be clinical pioneers and furthermore wellbeing framework pioneers (West, Borrill, Dawson, Brodbeck, Shapiro, Haward, 2003). Also, the Clinical Brilliance Commission, which was built up in 2004 to give an exhaustive quality change and patient wellbeing program crosswise over NSW, organizes the Clinical Administration Program for NSW Wellbeing. An essential point of the Clinical Administration Program is to exchange learning and instruments into enhancing persistent security and clinical quality. Since the Clinical Administration Program was propelled in 2007 more than 600 members, have finished either t he official particular or statewide organization of the program. A necessary part of the Clinical Administration Program is the endeavor of a clinical change extend intended to enhance tolerant wellbeing and clinical quality (Leeuwenburg, Leeuwenburg, 2012). Members are bolstered in the advancement of their clinical practice change through workshops and support from neighborhood Clinical Administration units. Conclusion Therefore, it is evident from the discussion above that the two modules are beneficial to the healthcare organization in many ways. Firstly, training and having competent professionals helps healthcare organization provide the best services. Kerang District Health notes this and is at the forefront in implementing the two modules as part of their strategies. The hospital provides IPADS to executives, employing qualified staff, cooperating with other organization and making sure that they are accredited to operate as a hospital. In addition to that, Kerang District Health interacts well with the people around the hospital thus making it easier for them to work under such environment. Another strategy that the healthcare system has promoted is the use of modern technology. This has enabled the hospital to carry out its work effectively, reduce time, communicate effectively and reduced errors. References Taylor, S., Foster, M., Fleming, J. (2008). Health care practice in Australia: policy, context and innovations. Oxford University Press.References Ash, J. S., Berg, M., Coiera, E. (2004). Some unintended consequences of information technology in health care: the nature of patient care information system-related errors.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association,11(2), 104-112. Armstrong, B. K., Gillespie, J. A., Leeder, S. R., Rubin, G. L., Russell, L. M. (2007). Challenges in health and health care for Australia.Medical Journal of Australia,187(9), 485. Anderson, G. F., Frogner, B. K., Johns, R. A., Reinhardt, U. E. (2006). Health care spending and use of information technology in OECD countries.Health Affairs,25(3), 819-831. Barr, J., Dowding, L. (2015).Leadership in health care. Sage. Oliver, S. (2006). Leadership in health care.Musculoskeletal care,4(1), 38. Swayne, L. E., Duncan, W. J., Ginter, P. M. (2012).Strategic management of health care organizations. ohn Wiley Sons. Chu, C., Dwyer, S. (2002). Employer role in integrative workplace health management.Disease Management and Health Outcomes,10(3), 175-186. Productivity Commission. (2005). Impacts of advances in medical technology in Australia.Productivity Commission, Government of Australia Research Reports. West, M. A., Borrill, C. S., Dawson, J. F., Brodbeck, F., Shapiro, D. A., Haward, B. (2003). Leadership clarity and team innovation in health care.The Leadership Quarterly,14(4), 393-410. Taylor, S., Foster, M., Fleming, J. (2008).Health care practice in Australia: policy, context and innovations. Oxford University Press. Palmer, G. R., Short, S. D. (2000).Health care and public policy: an Australian analysis. Macmillan Education AU. Bullen, P. A. B. (2012). Medics as a channel for worksite health promotion in remote global locations.American Journal of Health Promotion,26(6), 352-355. Hogan, P., Moxham, L., Dwyer, T. (2007). Human resource management strategies for the retention of nurses in acute care settings in hospitals in Australia.Contemporary Nurse,24(2), 189-199. Leeuwenburg, T. J., Leeuwenburg, T. (2012). Access to difficult airway equipment and training for rural GP-anaesthetists in Australia: results of a 2012 survey.Rural and remote health,12(2127). Wallis, J., Boyle, M. (2014). From stretcher bearer to Paramedic.Australasian Journal of Paramedicine,11(3). Wakerman, J., Humphreys, J. S. (2011). Sustainable primary health care services in rural and remote areas: Innovation and evidence.Australian Journal of Rural Health,19(3), 118-124. Kimberly, J., De Pouvourville, G. (2008).The globalization of managerial innovation in health care. Cambridge University Press. Nutbeam, D. (2000). Health literacy as a public health goal: a challenge for contemporary health education and communication strategies into the 21st century.Health promotion international,15(3), 259-267. Louviere, J. J., Flynn, T. N. (2010). Using best-worst scaling choice experiments to measure public perceptions and preferences for healthcare reform in Australia.The Patient: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research,3(4), 275-283.

South African Food Security And The Lack Of Transport Systems Essays

South African Food Security And The Lack Of Transport Systems Bus. Policy 402 3/27/00 South African Food Security and the lack of Transport Systems Agriculture is often a major part of any countries' economy. It not only serves as a means of feeding the nations' people, but also may serve as an excellent export to other countries. We are all familiar with Florida Oranges, Idaho Potatoes, and even Wisconsin Cheese. These have become famous for their unique taste or perhaps just marketability, which is an important strategy of foodstuffs next to the transportation systems. For example, because ours in the U.S. are up to date, it allows us to get certain crops, such as rice from Japan in a timely, low cost manner. However, in the SADC (Southern African Development Council) it is not that easy. Throughout this paper we will take a look at why that is from past to present, define agricultural development and offer reasons why an adequate transport system is necessary. African agricultural development history can be broken down into four periods: Pre-colonial, colonial, post-colonial and present day. There is similarities and differences between these periods that may offer some insight to how Africa grew into the situations they now face. Agriculture at this time was classified by subsistence farming and shifting cultivation due to a low land population. All food or most was cultivated for consumption by farmers and others who lived nearby and was directly linked to nutrition. At this time transport systems were virtually unnecessary. Agriculture during the colonial period, 1880 to mid 1960, was drastically altered and turned from being self-sufficient to on the verge of starvation. Colonization imposed the farming of cash crops along with several market and tax policies. This separated agriculture form nutrition, the backbone of African farming. The land needed to be under constant cultivation, rather than seasonal which was another way the Europeans exploited the Africans. Transport systems at this time were designed to have raw materials exported from coastal areas and import manufactured goods. Before the arrival of the 1960's a few countries became independent once again and rushed to become industrialized in order to keep up with the modern world. However, the economy continued to suffer because the agricultural produce sold often did not return its actual value. The ?elites? were similar to the Euro rule and favored imported goods to satisfy appetites as opposed to agriculture, which became viewed as demeaning and backward. Still, the transportation needs had not been met. The roads along with the materials and to build them were completely inadequate and in some cases have done more harm than good. Agriculture is Africa's most important sector. Approximately 35% of GDP, 40% of exports and 75% of employment is accounted for through agriculture. However, data shows us that between 1981 and 1992 per capita agricultural production in SADC countries declined. Population has outgrown production and land use and again delayed the arrival for inadequate transport systems. An appropriate definition for ?inadequate? transport systems could be defined as: attempting to minimize the cost of inputs at the agricultural enterprise and cost of inputs at the delivery by lowering costs of physically moving inputs and outputs to maximize time utility. Road transportation is by far the most important method of transportation. It also plays a large role in not only the economy, but also social development of a region. Presently, not much has changed in the area of regional transport systems. Costs of inputs are higher due to the cost of delivery. This also makes it difficult to move perishable items out in a quick enough manner. Once a useful transport system is formed and put into action the SADC region may be able to establish a foothold and grow back into self-sufficiency. Increasing the availability of food at the household level is the first goal in achieving food security. Once this occurs and transportation methods will have to rise. If a plan can be developed to restore the traditional transport routes of landlocked countries it would be key to the development of transport systems. Usually, the shortest route is the cheapest route and when used the mobility of food will establish food security and a decrease in the cost of exporting goods.

Course_paper-sample.doc Essays - Free Essays, Term Papers

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Practice in Eliminating Gender-Biased Language

Practice in Eliminating Gender-Biased Language This exercise will give you practice in recognizing sexually biased language and avoiding it in your writing. Before attempting the exercise, you may find it helpful to review  sexist language,  biased language,  gender,  and generic pronouns. Instructions Consider how the following sentences reinforce sexual stereotypes by their reliance on gender-biased language. Then revise the sentences to eliminate the bias. To a woman who possesses the necessary qualifications, nursing offers a life of unusual interest and usefulness. She will have limitless opportunities to improve herself and to help others.Each laboratory assistant must perform the experiment at least once before he teaches it to the class.The priest asked, Are you ready to love and honor each other as man and wife for the rest of your lives?No matter how busy he is, a pilot should take the time to thank the stewardesses at the end of every flight.My grandparents days consist of waiting by the window for someone to come up the walkwhether friend, mailman or salesman.The female lawyer conceded that her client was no Mother Teresa.In some cases, if your insurance has been slow in paying and your doctor has his lab work done away from his office, you may receive a bill from a laboratory you have never heard of. If this happens, call your doctors billing secretary and ask her to tell you exactly what the bill is for.Though occasionally s he may be called on to help others in the office, a secretary should take orders only from the manager she supports. The beginning student should spend his time becoming familiar with primary rather than secondary texts, with classics rather than with books about classics.The shift from animal and muscle power to machine power was a major achievement for man. When you have completed the exercise, continue reading to compare your revised sentences with the sample answers. Sample Answers To those people who possess the necessary qualifications, nursing offers a life of unusual interest and usefulness. They will have limitless opportunities to improve themselves and to help others.Each laboratory assistant must perform the experiment at least once before teaching it to the class.The priest asked, Are you ready to love and honor each other as husband and wife for the rest of your lives?No matter how busy the pilots are, they should take the time  to thank the flight attendants at the end of every flight.My grandparents days consist of waiting by the window for someone to come up the walkwhether friend, mail  carrier or salesperson.The lawyer conceded that her client was no Mother Teresa.In some cases, if your insurance has been slow in paying and your doctors lab work is done away from the office, you may receive a bill from a laboratory you have never heard of. If this happens, call your doctors billing office and ask exactly what the bill is for.Though occasional ly they may be called on to help others in the office, secretaries [or  assistants] should take orders only from the managers they support. Beginning students should spend their time becoming familiar with primary rather than secondary texts, with classics rather than with books about classics.The shift from animal and muscle power to machine power was a major achievement for humanity.

Media and popular culture in China Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Media and popular culture in China - Essay Example Chinese history and culture have always been difficult to understand for western intellectuals. Although trade relationships between China and the rest of the world had gone on for centuries, there is always the perception of that the country represents the other, the Orient. This construct is noted to be in complete contrast to the Occident. Seen in light of this dichotomy, while sentiments and views expressed by Chinese leaders might appear contradictory or paradoxical to the western observer, they are not necessarily so for the Chinese people themselves. Chinese leader Dengs statement to the party to â€Å"Guard against the Right, but primarily against the Left† can hence be interpreted to be logically and practically plausible. The rest of this essay will elaborate on this thesis. Ever since the communist revolution of 1945 and the rise to power of the Communist Party of China (CCP), Marxist-Leninist thought have been the backbone of much of public policy. Under the iron rule of Mao Zedong, although several millions of Chinese lost their lives through their acts of rebellion, communist ideology has been reverentially promoted both within the party and among the general public. This is not to say that there are no contradictions and countervailing tendencies within the party leadership. If anything, when one looks at the priorities of Chinese leadership during the last six decades, it is clear that their holding on to authority is of paramount importance. Whether communist principles get implemented through public policy has been secondary to monopolization of power. And since the greatest threat to power comes from popular movements, as opposed to business interests, Dengs warning against the Left makes perfect sense. Although, the tendency to repress and sub due the public have taken new modes in recent decades, it was frequent even during the reign of Mao Zedong, the founding leader of the CCP. In 1958, Mao introduced a highly

Forestry Commission Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Forestry Commission - Essay Example The isolated rural of England, Scotland, and Wales consisted of three thousand employees made it even more difficult to integrate changes. (McCann, 2003, p. 948.) The leaders in charge had been accustomed to doing things the old way. Some realized that in order to implement change and to train their workforce, they had to change themselves. This was necessary in order to create teamwork instead of orders coming down from up top without the involvement of others. (McCann, 2003, p. 948.) The author reports that a manager in Forest District B stated that he realized that in order to create an environment that was team-based, he had to change himself. (McCann, 2003, p. 950.) Consultants helped managers analyze their own attitudes and behaviors. It was believed that at every level, the organizational culture was one of blame and that managers and their workforce would point the finger at everyone else. Leadership events were coordinated to help all transition from the old way of doing things to the new way. Regardless of these efforts, some managerial still refused to change and some even quit. Fifteen selected to retire early and some managers were moved to other posts. (McCann, 2003, p. 948.) Due to the company's extremely hierarchical system, some were skeptical and even reluctant to change. Although the change process was gentle, team members still feel that despite the new district team approach, the entire company is still under the old way. They feel that although they are encouraged to voice their opinion but even so, people are afraid to really say what they think due to fear of the consequences. So they believe that although their district has made some changes, the overall company is still under the old system so there is much skepticism and lack of trust and belief. (McCann, 2003, p. 950.) Resistance to change was also due to low morale and the feeling of hopelessness; like the efforts would be worthless. Although the organization had already shown that it could make changes and deal with them, a problem seemed to be that they were all "changed out". They felt that more and more changes were being imposed on them and that the only solution is that things remain the same and no more changes. (McCann, 2003, p. 949.) Management had the capability to implement change by helping the staff members to grab the initiative instead of having, or feeling, change imposed on them. They had access to consultants to help them do their jobs in implementing, training, and monitoring the changes. They could help people look outwardly at the organization instead of what they are used to doing-looking inwardly. Management also implemented Connect workshop events which allowed group discussions to work through difficult issues that directly affect their workplace. Connect workshops allowed the senior staff to converse with staff directly. (McCann, 2003, p. 948.) These group discussions to come up with solutions helped to reduce the blaming question of "why don't they fix it" Rapid changes were mostly seen in the work culture when this strategy was used. The Connect events were voluntary and it was up to each district whether or not they wanted to participate. (McCann, 2003, p. 947.) The author states on page 948 of his writing that, "The workshops provided a safe environment in which the participants could explore why some of the traditional behaviours

Black Boy Essay Example for Free

Black Boy Essay Most African American families in the South were lower class and committed dangerous acts to survive, â€Å"Richard suffered poverty and hunger experiences that later became themes of his work†. He would have to wait a long period of time before food was available for him, â€Å"You’ll have to wait till I get a job to buy food†. The lower class did desperate things to get money â€Å"Richard sneak into saloons and begs for pennies and drinks†. Many African Americans suffered horribly from poverty, â€Å"My mothers’ suffering grew into a symbol, gathering to itself all the poverty, the ignorance, the helplessness, the pain, hunger ridden days and hours†. The Jim Crow South brought many adversities for Blacks and poverty was a major part of that. Poverty not only took away the physical things in their lives, but also it took away from their internal selves as human beings. The things they had in their lives that they were deprived of, did not mean as much to them as losing who they are as a person, â€Å"I would send other words to tell, to march, to fight, to create a sense of the hunger of life that gnaws in us all, to keep alive in our hearts a sense of the inexpressibly human†. Racism in the Jim Crow South was brutal, unnecessary, and in some cases fatal. Racism in the United States South was a major theme, and impacted the life of Richard both in a positive and negative way. The only positive aspect of it was that he and many other African Americans overcame it and helped them become better people. In most cases racism affected lives in a negative way. Most African Americans were both physically and mentally pushed to their limit and caused permanent scars in their lives, â€Å"Having been thrust out of the world because of my race, I had accepted my destiny by not being curious about what shaped it†, The quote by Richard shows the racism was present and unfair, you can still move on and not let it be damaging to your daily lives and emotions. Richard experienced many abusive events resulting from racism, â€Å"He experienced some of the most severe abuses of racial oppression in Mississippi†. African Americans have the theory that White people are dangerous and not to be trusted, â€Å"the Jim Crow South was a system of racial segregation practiced in some states of the US, and it gave whites a reason to treat Blacks as second class citizens†. Richard falls into a category of Black youth who fears the White community and has a hard time interacting with them, â€Å"Richard feels psychological tension around Whites†. The major reason why Richard is a part of the Great Migration and fled North is because of racism. The segregation Blacks had to deal with also took away many educational opportunities, â€Å"No education could alter what the meaning of living, came only when one was struggling†. Racism took away many privileges and rights away from Blacks. Many African Americans in the South moved north for better opportunities, and this vast moment was known as the Great Migration. It was hard for many African Americans to leave the South because that was the only life they knew, â€Å"Nine out of ten African Americans lived in the American South in 1900, by 1930, 3 in 10 lived outside the house†. Richard Wrights’ Black Boy shows how racism destroyed the lives of many African Americans, but for some it did just the opposite, as for Richard it drove him to be the successful writer he is today. Violence affected African American youth in a negative way, and it varied how they let it affect the rest of their lives. Poverty took a major toll on the lives of African Americans during the Jim Crow South system, and affected the majority in an unconstructive way. Racism made a huge impact on the lives of the Blacks because it affected their emotions, physicality, home life, and way of being. For some, racism lead to death or completely ruined their lives, but others took the hardship of racism and went with it in the opposite direction. Richard Wright, once a trouble African American boy, now a flourishing writer.

Sir Gawain and Green Knight Essays: Allegory :: Sir Gawain Green Knight Essays

Allegory in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight  Ã‚   Discuss the allegorical significance of the following words of the Green Knight,   You are so fully confessed, your failings made known,/ And bear the plain penance of the point of my blade,/ I hold you polished as a pearl, as pure and as bright/ As you had lived free of fault since first you were born  . These words are uttered by the Green Knight almost immediately after he delivered the third blow on Gawain  s neck (l 2391-2394). They should be understood as referring to events which began with Gawain  s arrival at the Lord  s castle. The words   confessed   and   penance   appearing in the Green Knight  s utterance may lead one to connect them not only with events of the narrative, but also with the Christian idea of sin. According to Christian ideology all human beings are sinners, though- owing to God  s grace and kindness- sins may be forgiven. But before this happens there is need for confession and penance. Absolution is the final stage which may be reached only by those who pass the former ones. When Sir Gawain is looked at closely, the events of the story correspond to the sequence: temptation -sin - confession - penance - absolution. The sin committed by Gawain was not being loyal to the lord by concealing the green girdle. This weakness of character resulted from the love of life - the girdle was to protect anyone who wore it. What happens at the Green Chapel are the later parts of the cycle: confession - penance - absolution. The penance is the fight with the Green Knight during which Gawain receives a cut on the neck and absolution (granted by the Green Knight) is attained through blood, which makes it even more meaningful. On the other hand, a nick on the neck is not an extremely painful experience (although the way in which it was attained was definitely very stressful) and shows that Gawain  s sin was only a minor one. He did not sin against chastity as he did not give in to the lady  s wishes. But still, in this interpretation Gawain  s character turned out to be faulty. There is a different possibility of interpretation - one which broadens the allegory even more. It may be said that Gawain  s primary fault was sinning against courtesy. If courtesy was in reality what he had been tested on, Gawain did not stand a chance of passing this test.

Mobile Phone and Children

Should children be allowed to own and use mobile phones? Mobile phones keep children safe Mobile phones keep children safer, as it is easier for parents to stay in touch with their children and for children to contact someone in an emergency. Through calls and texts, parents can know where their child is and be reassured that he or she is safe; all the while their children know they are never more than a phone call away from help. As Leslie Sharpe argues, ‘I wanted to ensure that they had a way of contacting me in an emergency’.It is, however, true that some children carrying the most sophisticated or ‘Smart’ phones are more susceptible to being robbed, but thieves are always after something new. Phones now are both much more widespread and security coded, so the benefits to thieves are no longer as great or immediate. Traffic accidents that are the result of children being distracted by their phones while walking across roads should be blamed on bad safety education rather than on the actual phones.Ultimately, mobile phones provide parents and young people with peace of mind and children with a safety net in emergencies, whether calling parents or the emergency services. Children should be comfortable with modern technology Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is now a normal part of modern life, used by everyone from toddlers to pensioners. So children need to grow up making use of technology such as mobile phones if they are to be able to fully participate in contemporary society. The average age at which children get their first mobile phone is eight according to a recent study.To prevent a child from having a mobile phone at that age is to put them at a clear social disadvantage compared with their peers. Mobile phone use develops skills for the modern workplace with its need for tech-savvy employees with communication skills and the ability to work flexibly. In any case, children often have better phone manners than adu lts – they are less likely to shout into the phone, more likely to text discreetly, and more aware of text and phone etiquette. Such manners are the direct consequence of familiarity with the device and an understanding of appropriate use in certain contexts.Mobile phones encourage the development of independence and interpersonal skills Education is as much about the growth in character and dealing with risks as it is the accumulation of knowledge; mobile phones provide for children a means to converse with peers, develop friendships and resolve disputes, all within minutes of each other, night and day. For them, ‘getting a cell phone is a step towards independence and a status symbol among their friends’. The confidence and self-esteem derived from having a mobile phone cannot be underappreciated, as proven by the corresponding negative impact of losing one’s phone.An Independent study in 2004 found that 55 per cent of people cited ‘keeping in touc h with friends or family as the main reason for being wedded to their handsets'. Furthermore, the increasing potential of smart phones facilitates the accessing of information in real-time and on the move; a determined child with a grasp of the potential of their mobile phone can illuminate themselves on matters like directions to destinations, opening times for activities and immediate weather forecasts.With such information, children can begin to reason with each other and make decisions without resort to more mature advice. Schools can implement programs to encourage responsible and considerate mobile phone use All technological platforms have the potential to be abused or act as a negative medium, what is important is that children are taught to use their mobile phones responsibly. Schools should introduce programs and classes that teach children not only how important the devices are to their personal safety, but also how to exploit the advantages of the software.All children w ith sufficiently smart mobile phones should know how to find out where they are at any given time using map functions, and how to use the internet to find information on the go but to be vary of revealing their location to others and possible commercial exploitation of certain location based services. This advice should be taught alongside warnings about the limits of mobile phone technology, ensuring that the children don’t trust them blindly but use them as verification tools or means of starting enquiries.What should emerge is an environment where phones can be used as teaching tools and facilitating social cohesion rather than simply being a distraction in class. There are long-term health risks to mobile phone use Mobile phones are medically safe for children to use – we should ignore scare stories in the media. The latest research has not proved that mobile phones damage brain cells. Ed Yong, head of health information at Cancer Research UK, has been quoted as sa ying ‘the risk of brain cancer is similar in people ho use mobile phones compared to those who don’t, and rates of this cancer (glioma) have not gone up in recent years despite a dramatic rise in phone use during the 1980s’. Furthermore, the European Union’s public health body concluded in 2008 that ‘mobile phone use for less than ten years is not associated with cancer incidence. Regarding longer use, it was deemed difficult to make an estimate’. Even those earlier studies that suggested there might be a problem thought that people would have to use a cell phone for hours a day for there to be an effect.It is true that there is no 100% proof that mobile phones are safe to use, but that is true of any scientific study. Further investigation should be encouraged, but without conclusive proof, the benefits of mobile phone use will continue to far outweigh the costs. Mobile phones are too expensive for children Mobile phones are not too expensive for children – children use pocket money to buy credit and often inherit ‘hand-me-down’ handsets initially. As noted by the opposition, basic models are cheap and the subscription itself is at the mercy of the buyer. Parents can always say â€Å"no† or set limits on what the children can spend.With modern payment plans children can be given a set amount of credit for calls and texts. Learning to work within financial limits is an important part of growing up. In any case, many young people have part-time jobs so they are spending their own money, not their parents and learning to control use and financially managing phone use is a very good skill to learn. Nevertheless, even if it were the case that mobile phones are too expensive, that does not render their ability to keep children safe negligible, for one cannot place a price on a child’s safety. Mobile phones are inappropriate distractions in schoolMobile phones are now a valuable part of studen t life. They can be used for ‘creating short movies, setting homework reminders, recording a teacher reading a poem and timing science experiments’. Moreover, because parents feel their children are safer carrying a phone, they are more likely to allow them to travel to school on their own rather than driving them. This promotes greater independence for the children, while taking traffic off the roads which is environmentally-friendly. Like many other things, mobiles can be distracting in class but this doesn’t mean they should be banned. Many chools allow – some actively encourage – phones to be carried providing they are turned off in lesson. Mobile phones are open to abuse Anything can be abused or used to harm other person, including pencils and paper. New technology carries some risks but we should not be rushed into panic measures. Children got hold of pornography, gambled and bullied each other long before mobile phones were invented. The rel ationship between childhood and new mobile technologies is complex. These problems won’t go away if we ban phone use – they can only be dealt with through good parenting and moral education.In the meantime, parents can get phones which block inappropriate content, and ensure that their children do not have credit cards to pay for it. They should make sure that children know how to report abuse or what to do if they receive inappropriate material on the phone. An American company Disney Mobile is also one of an increasing number of phone makers who ‘provides families with mobile phones specifically designed for tweens, young teens and parents who want to keep an eye on them’. The potential for the abuse of mobile phones is low if parents are informed and vigilant and ensure they buy their children the right phone and right plan.

Global warming in relation Winston Churchill’s quote on painting Essay

Global warming in relation Winston Churchill’s quote on painting Introduction            In day-to-day life, challenges are common undertaking. However, some challenges are difficult to handle and it might be impossible to get a solution although their experience is worth in life. Increasing temperatures is one of the major challenges affecting the world. This was evident during vacation from the experience of high temperatures that resulted to uncomfortable spending. It was thought that the temperatures would decrease with time but as the fall approached the higher, they became. According to Friedman, (8) the world is becoming hotter because of global warming gases that are on increase. Both developed countries have tried to address the issue of global warming. Winston Churchill quote on painting is analogous to the ever-increasing temperatures and other effects such as hurricanes, drought, strong winds, floods in the world that are caused by high levels of global warming gases the world increasing commitment to address the issue despite no promising result that the problem will end. Although the world has made significant progress in addressing the issues of global warming through environmental movement and policies to reduce emission of greenhouse gases by developed countries, there seem to be no permanent solution to the problem especially with changing world economy to industrialization.            With the introduction of industrialization in the world, the world economy started changing from agricultural-dependent to manufacturing. The manufacturing economy was marked by use of machines that used fuel such as steam, oil, coal, and electricity. As a result, there was high emission of green house gases such as carbon dioxide in the atmosphere that led to global warming, which is the key cause of the rising temperatures in the world and other effects such as drought, floods, strong wings, hurricanes (27). The temperatures have increased over the years and especially in the 21st century. The increasing temperatures have led to the world becoming hot, which was one of the worst experiences in summer. One would think that the following day the temperatures would be falling but unfortunate the hotter it become. The world commitment to address global warming is heightening despite the unpromising solution to the problem.            The world has formed environmental movements to address the alarming effects of global warming. These movements include the Kyoto protocol, United Nations environmental committee, and other environmental organizations. They have discussed measures and developed strategies to reduce the greenhouse gases in developed countries in order to counter the effects of global warming. Countries under the Kyoto protocol agreed to reduce the greenhouse gases by 5% by year 2020. In addition, there was notable decrease of green house gases during the implementation of Kyoto protocol. Consequently, developing countries joined hands for the fight against global warming. The formation of these movements and agreement for member states to implement the policies was seen as progress toward the reduction of green house gases and significant decrease in global temperatures.            The Kyoto protocol and the climate change program led by United Nations framework convention have achieved most of their global warming goals by reducing the emissions of green house gases in countries like United States, Denmark and others. Consequently, more countries have continued to join Kyoto protocol and other environmental organizations to fight global warming. In addition, carbon free goods have been introduced in various markets in Europe and other continents to ensure that less greenhouse gases are emitted in the atmosphere. Other countries like United States have introduced electric vehicles that do not emit greenhouse gases. These initiatives coupled to many others have led to reduction of global warming gases in the atmosphere thus giving hope for the combating global warming.            Despite the promising agreements and states’ willingness to implement the policies, the world is still recording high levels of green house gases in the atmosphere. There has been high emission of the gases in developed countries and other countries that are joining the industrialised world. As a result, global warming effects have been on the rise and major catastrophic events have been on the rise. For example, hurricanes, flooding, drought has been on increase compared to decades ago. According to Friedman (148) hurricanes and droughts have been unusual recently due to increasing temperature that have been caused by people. Another challenge to the notable progress in addressing the global warming is the withdrawal of countries from the environmental movements. For example, New Zealand government made a decision not to renew its membership for Kyoto protocol come year 2015. The move will deny it from accessing carbon free market, which might trigger the r ise of the green house gases in the country and consequence increase of global warming in the world.            The initiative by the world to address the global warming challenge through environmental organizations such as United Nations and Kyoto protocol is a progress toward reduction of green house gases as depicted in Churchill’s quote on painting. Consequently, the commitment of the countries to reduce the emission of the green house gasses by 5% by year 2020 is a fruitful step of the initial progress. Moreover, the achievement of the world to avoid more than 1.5 billion tonnes of green house gases (CO2) is a fruitful step and ever improving global warming fight (410). The ever-increasing support of reducing greenhouse gases by different countries and continents is another move that indicating fruitful step. In The introduction of electric motor vehicles and carbon, free market in most of the countries is an ever-lengthening step. In addition, the global reduction of greenhouse gases level is another ever-improving step and ever-ascending order. However, the wit hdrawal of countries like New Zealand is a drawback to the problem coupled to few countries that have relaxed restrictions on carbon emission. Moreover, the increasing numbers and strength of hurricanes, strong winds and floods in America and Europe is an indication that the problem of global warming may never end (80). However, the increasing research and introduction of carbon free markets and achievement of reduced greenhouse gases levels in the world give the joy of every trying to address the global warming issue. Conclusion            The global warming issues in the world that s been experienced through increased temperatures, increased number of hurricanes, strong winds, and floods and the world’s effort to combat it through various measures is analogous to Churchill’s quote on painting. Although there have been progress day by day, the problem seem like it will never have an end. However, the increased research and approaches being used to address the problems gives joy of some achievements. Consequently, the experience of increased temperatures during summer vacation reflects the effects of global warming and that despite the world commitment the temperature seems to be ever increasing. References Friedman, Thomas L.  Hot, Flat, and Crowded: Why We Need a Green Revolution-and How It Can Renew America. New York: Picador, 2009. Print. Winston Churchill (nd). â€Å"Painting as a Pastime,† Thoughts and Adventures. Print. Source document

The Current State of Development in Latin America essays

The Current State of Development in Latin America essays In attempting to establish the current state of development in Latin America, historical chronology serves as the foundation necessary for a comprehensively logical position. Latin American development has evolved in distinct phases, which lead to the present day standings of the politics and peoples throughout the region. The culmination of distinct historical attributes: conquest, colonialism, mercantilism, captalism, industrialism, and globalism, serve as the developmental path from the past, to allow an understanding of the current state of development. In overview of this, as perceived by Latin American governments, the four primary areas of concern as reported from 1994, "Summit of the Americas" held by heads of 34 countries, were as follows: (1) preserving and strengthening the community of democracies of the Americas, (2) free trade area of the Americas (FTAA), (3) eradicating poverty and discrimination in the hemisphere, (4) education (Americas Net). Each issue examined by m embers of the summit involves aspects of politics and economics. The desired changes in Latin American society can be shown connected to these two subject areas, as held by authors Skidmore and Smith, "From modernization theory, we take the casual premise that economic transformations induce social changes which, in turn, have political consequences."(Skidmore and Smith, 10) The understanding of the historical background, an awareness of current political goals, and the incorporation of modern political and social theory allow an increasingly accurate depiction of the state of development in Latin America to be constructed. Development, largely defined as bringing to a more advanced or effective state, often stands as the product of the successful management and collaboration of economic, social, and political areas. The current state of development should, therefore, gauge today's level of success in creating a more advanced and effective state. In conside...

About Norman Foster and Britains Modern Architecture

About Norman Foster and Britains Modern Architecture Pritzker Prize-winning architect Norman Foster (born June 1, 1935 in Manchester, England) is famous for futuristic designs - like Apple Headquarters in Cupertino, California - that explore technological shapes and social ideas. His big tent civic center constructed with the modern plastic ETFE even made the Guinness Book of World Records for being the worlds tallest tensile structure, yet it was built for the comfort and enjoyment of the Kazakhstan public. In addition to winning the most prestigious award for architecture, the Pritzker Prize, Foster has been knighted and granted the rank of baron by Queen Elizabeth II. For all of his celebrity, however, Foster came from humble beginnings. Born in a working class family, Norman Foster did not seem likely to become a famous architect. Although he was a good student in high school and showed an early interest in architecture, he did not enroll in college until he was 21 years old.   By the time he had decided to become an architect, Foster had been a radar technician in the Royal Air Forces and worked in the treasury department of Manchester Town Hall. In college he studied bookkeeping and commercial law, so he was prepared to handle the business aspects of an architectural firm when the time came. Foster won numerous scholarships during his years at Manchester University, including one to attend Yale University in the United States. He graduated from Manchester University School of Architecture in 1961 and went on to earn a Masters Degree at Yale on a Henry Fellowship. Returning to his native United Kingdom, Foster co-founded the successful Team 4 architectural firm in 1963. His partners were his wife, Wendy Foster, and the husband and wife team of Richard Rogers and Sue Rogers. His own firm, Foster Associates (Foster Partners), was founded in London in 1967. Foster Associates became known for high tech design that explored technological shapes and ideas. In his work, Foster often uses off-site manufactured parts and the repetition of modular elements. The firm frequently designs special components for other high-tech modernist buildings. He is a designer of parts that he elegantly assembles. Selected Early Projects After establishing his own architectural firm in 1967, the affable architect did not take long to be noticed with a portfolio of well-received projects. One of his first successes was the Willis Faber and Dumas Building built between 1971 and 1975 in Ipswich, England. No ordinary office building, the Willis Building is an asymmetrical, three-story blob of a structure, with a roof of grass to be enjoyed as a park space by the office workers. In 1975 Fosters design was a very early example of architecture that could be both energy efficient and socially responsible, to be used as a template for what is possible in an urban environment. The office building was quickly followed by the Sainsbury Centre for Visual Arts, a gallery and educational facility built between 1974 and 1978 at the University of East Anglia, Norwich. In this building we begin to see the Foster enthusiasm for observable metal triangles and walls of glass. Internationally, attention was paid to Fosters high-tech skyscraper for the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC) in Hong Kong, built between 1979 and 1986, and then the Century Tower built between 1987 and 1991 in Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Asian successes were followed by the 53-story tallest building in Europe, the ecology-minded Commerzbank Tower, built from 1991 to 1997 in Frankfurt, Germany. The high profile Bilbao Metro in 1995 was part of the urban revitalization that swept the city of Bilbao, Spain. Back in the United Kingdom, Foster and Partners completed the Cranfield University Library in Bedfordshire (1992), the Faculty of Law at the University of Cambridge (1995), the American Air Museum at Duxford airfield in Cambridge (1997), and the Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre (SECC) in Glasgow (1997). In 1999 Norman Foster received architectures most prestigious award, the Pritzker Architecture Prize, and also  was honored by Queen Elizabeth II naming him Lord Foster of Thames Bank.The Pritzker jury cited his steadfast devotion to the principles of architecture as an art form, for his contributions in defining an architecture with high technological standards, and for his appreciation of the human values involved in producing consistently well-designed projects as their reasons for his becoming a Pritzker Laureate. Post-Pritzker Work Norman Foster never rested upon his laurels after winning the Pritzker Prize. He finished the Reichstag Dome for the new German Parliament in 1999, which remains one of Berlins most popular tourist attractions. The 2004 Millau Viaduct, a  cable-stayed bridge in Southern France, is one of the bridges youll want to cross at least once in your life. With this structure, the architects of the firm claim to be expressing a fascination with the relationship between function, technology and aesthetics in a graceful structural form. Throughout the years, Foster and Partners has continued to create office towers that explore the environmentally sensitive, uplifting workplace begun by Commerzbank in Germany and  the Willis Building in Britain. Additional office towers include the Torre Bankia (Torres Repsol), Cuatro Torres Business Area in Madrid, Spain (2009), the Hearst Tower in New York City (2006),   the Swiss Re in London (2004), and The Bow in Calgary, Canada (2013). Other interests of the Foster group have been the transportation sector  - including the 2008 Terminal T3 in Beijing, China and Spaceport America in New Mexico, the U.S. in 2014 - and building with Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene, creating plastic buildings like the 2010 Khan Shatyr Entertainment Center in Astana, Kazakhstan and the 2013 SSE Hydro in Glasgow, Scotland. Lord Norman Foster in London One need only visit London to receive a lesson in Norman Foster architecture. The most recognizable Foster design is the 2004 office tower for Swiss Re at 30 St Mary Axe in London. Locally called The Gherkin, the missile-shaped building is a case study for computer-aided design and energy and environmental design. Within site of the gherkin is the most-used Foster tourist attraction, the Millennium Bridge over the Thames River. Built in 2000, the pedestrian bridge also has a nickname  -    it became known as the Wobbly Bridge when 100,000 people rhythmically crossed during the opening week, which created an unnerving sway. The Foster firm has called it greater than expected lateral movement created by synchronised pedestrian footfall. Engineers installed dampers under the deck, and the bridge has been good-to-go ever since. Also in 2000, Foster and Partners put a cover over the Great Court at the British Museum, which has become another tourist destination. Throughout his career, Norman Foster has chosen projects to be used by different population groups - the residential housing project Albion Riverside in 2003; the futuristic modified sphere of London City Hall, a public building in 2002; and the 2015 rail station enclosure called Crossrail Place Roof Garden at Canary Wharf, which incorporates a rooftop park beneath ETFE plastic cushions. Whatever project completed for whatever user community, the designs of Norman Foster will always be first class. In Fosters Own Words I think one of the many themes in my work is the benefits of triangulation that can make structures rigid with less material. - 2008 Buckminster Fuller was the kind of green guru...He was a design scientist, if you like, a poet, but he foresaw all the things that are happening now....You can go back to his writings: its quite extraordinary. It was at that time, with an awareness fired by Buckys prophecies, his concerns as a citizen, as a kind of citizen of the planet, that influenced my thinking and what we were doing at that time. - 2006 SUMMARY: Triangulation in Norman Foster Buildings The Bow, 2013, Calgary, CanadaGeorge Rose/Getty ImagesThe people of Calgary call this building not only the most beautiful in Calgary and the best skyscraper in Canada, but it is also the tallest building outside of Toronto, at least for now. The crescent-shaped design of The Bow makes this Alberta skyscraper 30 percent lighter than most modern buildings its size. Named after the River Bow, Norman Fosters building was built between 2005 and 2013 as a mixed-use structure anchored by the headquarters of Cenovus Energy, Inc. Its curved design faces south  - gathering valuable heat and natural daylight  - with a convex facade toward the prevailing wind. Designed as a diagrid, six stories for each triangulated section, most offices of the 58 story skyscraper (775 feet; 239 meters) have a window view because of the curved design. Constructed of trussed-tubes, steel-framed with a glass curtain wall, The Bow has three interior sky gardens - on levels 24, 42 and 54.30 St Mary Axe, 2004 , London, EnglandDavid Crespo/Getty ImagesThe visual geometry of what locals call The Gherkin changes as point of view changes - seen from above, the patterns create a kaleidoscope. Hearst Tower, 2006, New York CityhAndrew C Mace/Getty ImagesThe modern 42-story tower completed in 2006 on top of the 1928 Hearst building is both award-winning and controversial. Norman Foster built the high-tech tower atop the six-story Hearst International Magazine Building designed by Joseph Urban and George P. Post. Foster claims that his design preserved the faà §ade of the existing structure and establishes a creative dialogue between the old and new. Some have said, A dialog? Oh, really? To the unsuspecting, the Hearst Corporation global headquarters is a shocking site as one crosses 57th Street at 8th Avenue in New York City. Like The Bow, the Hearst Tower is a diagrid, using 20% less steel than similar structures. True to Foster architecture, the Tower is constructed of 85% recycled steel and   high performance low emission glass with integrated roller blinds. Harvested roof water is recycled throughout the building, including to the Atriums three-story waterfall wall ca lled Icefall. The building received a LEED Platinum; certification. Sources Foster Partners, Projects, https://www.fosterandpartners.comJury Citation, The Hyatt Foundation, https://www.pritzkerprize.com/1999/juryLord Norman Foster. Interview by Vladimir Belogolovskiy, archi.ru, June 30, 2008, https://archi.ru/en/6679/lord-norman-foster-fosterpartners-intervyu-i-tekst-vladimira-belogolovskogo [accessed May 28, 2015]My green agenda for architecture, December 2006, TED Talk at the 2007 DLD (Digital-Life-Design) Conference, Munich, Germany,  https://www.ted.com/talks/norman_foster_s_green_agenda [accessed May 28, 2015]Project Description, foster partners, fosterandpartners.com/projects/the-bow/The Bow, Emporis, https://www.emporis.com/buildings/282150/the-bow-calgary-canada [accessed July 26, 2013]Specifications, The Bow Building, www.the-bow.com/specifications/ [accessed August 14, 2016]Project Description, foster partners, fosterandpartners.com/projects/hearst-tower/ [accessed July 30, 2013]Hearst Tower, hearst.com/real-estate/hearst-tower [accessed July 30, 2013]

Event Planning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Event Planning - Assignment Example Since both fighters have numerous fans and supporters worldwide, the event shall be marketed not only as a boxing event but a vacation package5 at Mandalay Bay, as well as an irresistible media event worldwide. The 12,000 seating capacity6 indoor arena is expected to be sold out with audience count7 expected at very close to 100% with March being the start of the Las Vegas peak season8. Tickets9 shall be sold at $1000, $750, $500, $300 and $200 with pre-assigned seating10. The least cost tickets are for the bleachers11. Commissions in the form of percentage12 of gross sales from vacation tour packages13 from air, sea and land travel service providers and tour operators14, hotel accommodations, restaurant meals and various entertainment activities shall also be earned by the organizers. The primary participants in this event are the guests who will come over to Las Vegas to take a vacation and ultimately watch the Re-Match fight or those who will simply watch the fight. For the vacationers who will originate from various parts of the world as well as those from within the United States, it is envisioned that the travel and tour operators that pass accreditation15 will come up with very attractive vacation packages that will include travel fare, accommodation, side trips and activities and of course seat reservations for the fight. Guests who will have tickets to the prize fight shall be treated to the awesome amenities of the Mandalay Bay Events Center, a cavernous 12,000-seat arena with glassed-in skyboxes, good sight lines and acoustics. Free parking is abundant and conveniently close; valet parking is available. (Mandalay Bay Events Center) 4Wall Entertainment's team of lighting designers and engineers has provided integration for the lighting control system for the Events Center. 4Wall designed a complete DMX distribution system, which incorporates Ethernet distribution, combined with traditional DMX patching. The dimmers16 are part of a control system comprised of 13 ETC SR48 Racks and 65 ILC relay cabinets, combined with 94 wall stations. (4Wall Entertainment Lights Mandalay Bay Convention Center) * Marketing the Experience The first six months of the project shall be dedicated to getting together various players for the event - the promoters, the WBC, Mandalay Bay Events Center, travel and tour operators associations, advertising and media, and many others. A preliminary announcement17 to involved sectors for pre-event planning and development shall be done in May 2008. A working group shall be assigned for developing a sponsorship plan18 to get event sponsorships19. For event marketing20 and advertising, consultants from the American Marketing Association21 and the American Association of Advertising Agencies22 shall be engaged. Above-the-line advertising23 for the event shall be delegated to accredited advertising agencies24. Event billboards25 shall be set up at strategic points of the city. Consumer advertising26 packages will be offered to advertisers to take advantage of the expected huge number of visitors during the event not only as added marketing mileage but as a revenue generating activity as well. Publicity27 and public relations28 will be contracted out to a PR firm. When all

Injustice of Healthcare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Injustice of Healthcare - Essay Example The health care system's systematic exploitation of the many for the benefit of the privileged few has been over-looked, underestimated, or conveniently ignored by analysts and policymakers. Contrary to the assumptions of many observers, ordinary Americans are not well served by health policies and practices founded on the premise that health care should be beyond price. There are numerous identifiable ways in which political and legal systems in the United States directly or indirectly foreclose opportunities for lower- and middle-income consumers to enhance their own, as well as aggregate, welfare by purchasing low-cost, arguably lower-quality health care and health coverage. In this essay, the over regulation of the providers has been outlined and the various theological and philosophical perspectives on the injustice have been produced in the subsequent sections. The most wide spread kind of regulation of the health care sector is entry control through occupational licensure. The barring from the market of individuals who do not meet minimum standards of competence in the regulated field of endeavor, can enhance consumers' welfare by minimizing both their exposure to risks of bad service and their uncertainty in purchasing complex services. However, entry controls raise costs by excluding providers who might serve some clients adequately and cheaply, thus forcing those clients (mostly lower-income individuals) to pay higher prices for arguably more reliable services. The resulting higher prices cause some consumers to forgo needed services, with adverse health consequences. The lower-income segment of the population, even if protected against costly mistakes, bears many more of the costs of exclusionary licensure than more affluent interests. In any field in which government regulates entry, entry standards will be inefficiently high, causing more hardship than is optimal. Although quality-enhancing standards limit opportunities for cost-reducing innovations, the consumers tend to value disproportionately the added security they are supplied. Occupational regulation has other costs besides those flowing from state-imposed restrictions on entry. State legislatures typically also delegate responsibility for regulating practice of a licensed occupation to its licensing board. Such boards make rules not only curtailing the supply of competitors but also suppressing advertising, corporate or commercial practice, and other practices that might intensify competition and foster consumer choice. Moreover, at the same time that they largely control the regulatory apparatus, the licensees in each field generally organize themselves privately not only to advance their political objectives, but also to set private standards for professional practice, educational programs, and institutional providers of services. Although such private entities may not directly enforce the standards they set, these standards and their accompanying certifications of compliance usually carry decisive weight in the marketplace and with state regulators. With the public generally unaware of the cost and competitive implications of such publicly sanctioned self-regulatory regimes, the interests of the regulated are commonly advanced at consumers' expense, with cost increases a

Controlling and Harmonising Brand Identity, Image, and Personality of Essay

Controlling and Harmonising Brand Identity, Image, and Personality of Apple 03041 - Essay Example Brand identity helps a company to bring out its individualism and for this reason; management and employees help to bring out the real brand image. The Apple Brand competes across the markets, while evolving and expanding its range of products and services. Aaker and Kaprer’s Brand identities Models are popular in the business world, and apple successfully continues their application as discussed below. Brand identity and brand personality remain contentious issues hence the need for Apple Brand to introduce new and effective branding strategies in this competitive market. As Viot (2011) reveals, a brand is the presentation of the product that goes far beyond its intrinsic characteristics. It provokes emotional feeling and attraction when the target clients sites such a product. Brand identity involves the visible elements of a brand including design, colours, name, logo, and symbol, which together identify while distinguishing the product in the client’s mind (Ghodeswar 2008). Identification of the brand roots on the brand produce, the individual, the corporation, or the symbol. There are diverse advantages that comes along with brand identity. Differentiation of the products heightens the products identification to the consumers (Chaudhuri & Holbrook 2001). Furthermore, the target users will have an informed opinion about the product, hence an already created product preference. Eventually, there is creation of value perception to the product users (Madhavaram et al. 2005). Most primarily, brand identity leads to the formation of intellectual property, an element that escalates the product value hence the firm has the mandate to controlling the value of purchase and utilization (Janonis et al. 2007). There are different models of identification including Aaker’s and Kapferer’s Brand identity Model. When it comes to strategic analysis of any company,

Issues of the Increased Elderly Population

Issues of the Increased Elderly Population The â€Å"Greying of America†, refers to the endurance in our seniors which is tugging on all the resources in our society. People are living longer healthier lives. This is a good thing and a bad thing. Are we ready to meet these demands on our society in the long term? Some believe this will be a financial burden on Medicare, long-term care, public pensions and financial programs.The aging population has multiple facets; including the financial, physical, emotional, and psychologicalneeds represented in society. There is increased question if our Social Security and Medicare System will hold out to care for this generation.How will supply and demand be met when there are fewer in the work force? How will the money in Social Security System last, when less is being put in? â€Å"A large population of the United States is old and non-working. Almost 24 percent of the population in US is over 50 years old.† http://www.naswdc.org/pressroom/features/issue/aging.asp Officials refer to this changing time in our history as the â€Å"Greying of America†. For a long time over population was stated in our country and others, like China. One child in China and in the United States two children were plenty, now, it seems the baby boomer generation will be the largest demographic, the older generation. Some of the baby boomers have already reached this time in their lives. Baby Boomers were born in the years 1946 to 1964. If you do the math those born in 1946 are now 67, which is retirement age or it was. Retirement age used to be 65, but as the demands on our economy, so the retirement age is pushed back. Some say 72 is the new retirement age.â€Å"Statistics project that by 2030, Americans 65 and older will actually outnumber their younger counterparts. With the aging of the baby boomer generation and the lengthening of life spans, both the number and proportion of older people are rapidly increasing. Many of the health related problems that contributed to decreased life span have been combated†. http://www.naswdc.org/pressroom/features/issue/aging. Another question is housing, some live in their homes, assisted living, nursing homes or independent living, but will there be enough structure in place to meet these growing needs? There are also the needs of the families, caring for their elderly parents, while raising their children, and working. An article written by Joan Mooney, â€Å"Housing America’s Graying Population, she states: Eighty to 90 percent of Americans want to â€Å"age in place,† either in their current home or in their neighborhood. But most homes and communities are not set up to house the elderly. And also in an interview with Henry Cisneros, former Hud Secretary, he stated, â€Å"The solution will lie not just in individual homes, but also in the surrounding communities. The number-one fear of people as they age is isolation,† said Cisneros. â€Å"They need to be able to get to the doctor, stores, parks, and other public amenities† (Mooney). http://urbanland.uli.org/infrastructure-transit/housing-america-s-graying-population/ Another area of concern, are the growing needs for professional social workers for this demographic in our society. Will there be enough workers for all the needs characterized by this growing segment? Social workers serve as advocates for the older people and their families, providing necessary connections for the services needed. As these demographics change and grow there is a growing requirement for social workers to provide for the necessities of these individuals and their families. There are also questions about how this generation will be taken care of since the largest part of the population will be older, and less will be in the market place. Social workers are essential to this growing segment in our population. The professional, skilled social worker, who is equipped in problem solving, can lend peace, security and hope to the individual. They are knowledgeable about how human behavior, social, financial, and cultural issues, and how they relate and affect daily lives. So, as there are economic factors that lead to nervousness about the future of our economic growth. There are also valid arguments for supply and demand. Yes there are possibly less workers in the work force, though people are working longer. There are new or growing markets for healthcare, housing, social work intervention and pharmaceuticals, among other things that will drive the economy. There is definitely going to be cause for growth in the Gerontology field. Currently this is not an area, where social workers tend to stay due to financial restrictions, among other things. In a testimony given by: Worker needed to avoid a dangerous outcome, for the coming era. She also advocates education and marketing to avert the common ideas that are related to working with older generation. That it is depressing working with the sick and the dying. A perception also exists that there are few personal, professional, and societal rewards for working with older people. Social Workers need to take an aggressive approach to change the opinions that older individuals lack value, these needs to change in the hearts of Americans and in the hearts of the people reaching this age. It is also concluded, NASW agrees that the existing health care workforce will be inadequate to meet the needs of older Americans. They believe the Federal Government should be involved and encouraged towards loan forgiveness, stipends for students and faculty, and financial support for field placements in geriatrics to be able to attract and retain social workers and other health care professionals in the field of geriatrics.† The reason I include large portions of this article is I believe that will support and show this so-called Greying America does not have to be a problem. It can be solved through its own counterparts. We the nation and the other surrounding developed nations can use their own resources with the help of professionals. With encouragement, marketing, education and direction people can live functional lives even in old age. As the baby boomer generation is different in a variety of ways, this can add enthusiasm to the discussion because, this generation does not want to stop and sit in a rocking chair. Yes, as boomers age, they will put increasing burdens on the health care and financial system. There is proof that there is a shortage in practitioners in the area dealing with aged population. And there is proof that medical advances have taken place due to this encroaching segment in the population. The fact that the older generation is trying to stay younger through exercise and prevention and taking care of themselves is causing innovation in the medical industry. It has been said that many core nations are working toward and getting honestly prepared for the rise in the elder population. There is always the concern for the impoverished segment, like elderly, single women, and some minorities that are on the fringes. But that is where the social worker can be a benefit, searching for crucial answers and direction, and educating society to the benefits age can provide, so the stereotypes can change and empower the elderly, especially in their own attitudes. The cultural views on aging have changed also. Before this age, before the industrial revolution, our elders were given great respect. The family included the elders, grandparents in the home. They helped raise the grandchildren and provided wisdom in the home. But cultural views have changed and the older population doesn’t seem as necessary or crucial to the family and the world. The stereotype of the older population depicts them as old and feeble, they are a drag on society, in their usefulness and value. In many cultures the elders were revered and needed now they are replaced by youthfulness and vigor. They are shuffled off to nursing homes instead of being an integral part of the home. There is great concern over finances, will our economy survive when varying resources are changing. Coming from the perspective of belonging to the ‘baby boomer generation and reading various articles, this generation was a change from previous generations. There was an increase in money to be spent and less saved. There became more emphasis on pleasure and leisure. After the depression, the financial world allowed for more to be had, with a blink of an eye. You did not have to save, before buying as our parents did. So, is this generation ready to quit the market place? Many are working longer due to the need to save and get out of debt. This can be a good thing as working enriches lives, keeps the brain sharp and hopefully the body more nimble. So this is cause and effect, our society is living longer, less population, so we now have to control the somewhat adverse effects of an older population? Or is it an adversity? Are older people nonproductive residues in our environment? Maybe because I am a part of that generation, I believe they have contributions, yet to give. Mother Theresa was older when she passed from this world. Should she have been pushed into a corner to die? I do not believe so. She was a great asset to the community in our world. My mother, until recently resided in our home for years. Now she is in Oregon with the rest of my family, but she is valued and loved. I do not think people intend to relegate the elderly to the corner, but pressures in the home, finances and social perspective seem to guide us there. The Social Work profession wants to work to change these notions and show people their worth, through, information, education, counselling, community assistance and many other problem solving community and government actions. What can be done to change the present outcome? We need to let people continue to contribute in their own way, so they can feel their worth. Yes, generally they cannot move as fast, even think or talk as fast as you or I. But they can show and teach us, if we are willing to learn and listen. We have learned by studying History that we can change things and have a better outcome for the future if we do not repeat mistakes. I believe when families co-existed, the family unit had a greater strength and fortitude to weather storms. Culturally, the breakdown of the family unit exists, but the foundations can still be built through relationships and assistance to the needy. Through reaching out in the community, and again this can be directed with social assistance. S ocial workers in this environment are trying to instill life in the elder patient and the family giving them direction, and assistance through the transition, of being the giver to the receiver as an older person is. But we can still allow them to give through their lives, if we are willing to receive. Working in the public, networking, people are not satisfied to stop at a certain age, but press on to learn new things. There are many people re-inventing themselves at different walks in their lives, to allow for change, challenge and growth as individuals, who will benefit society. This benefit can come in the form of financial advantage and socially for our society as a whole to counter affect the challenges of a so-called decaying society. With encouragement, marketing, education and direction people can live functional lives even in old age. Sources Gibelman, M. (1995). What Social Workers Do (4th ed.). Washington, DC. NASW Press. Dunkle, R.E., Norgard, T. (1995). Aging Overview. In R.L. Edwards (Ed.-in-Chief), Encyclopedia of Social Work (19th ed., Vol. 1, pp. 142-153). Washington, D.C.: NASW Press. Zuniga, M.E. (1995). Aging: Social Work Practice. In R.L. Edwards (Ed.-in-Chief), Encyclopedia of Social Work (19th ed., Vol. 1, pp. 173-183). Washington, D.C.: NASW Press.